Cov khoom siv thoob dej yug ntses ua haujlwm ze rau txaws, condensation, ntsev deposits, ntub tes, thiab dej conductive. Qhov ntawd ua rau "waterproof" yog ib qho ntawm cov lus foob feem ntau ntawm lub teeb - thiab ib qho yooj yim to taub yuam kev. Lub International Electrotechnical Commission's IEC 60529 tus qauv qhia cov qib kev tiv thaiv los ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog. Ib tus IP code muaj txiaj ntsig tsuas yog thaum paub txog cov khoom kuaj, teeb tsa, thiab cov xwm txheej.
Tus lej thib ob ntawm tus IP code cuam tshuam nrog dej nkag. Txau dej, dav hlau dej, tso rau ib ntus, thiab kev nkag mus tas li yog qhov kev sim sib txawv. IPX7 yog txuam nrog rau ib ntus immersion nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob; IPX8 npog tas li immersion nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej pom zoo ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov neeg siv thiab hnyav dua IPX7. Kev ntsuas siab siab dua tsis tuaj yeem sib txuas lus tiv thaiv rau txhua yam ntawm siab - lub dav hlau siab. Kev ntsuam xyuas tsis yog ib qho kev qhia dav dav rau indestructible lossis nyab xeeb hauv txhua daim ntawv thov hauv qab dej.
Lub Scope ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj yog qhov tseem ceeb. Lub teeb bar tuaj yeem nqa qhov kev nkag mus hauv- kev tiv thaiv kev thov thaum nws cov maub los, txuas, cable txuas, lossis lub hwj chim adapter muaj qhov ntsuas sib txawv lossis tsis muaj. Yog hais tias lub installation muab ib tug connector nyob rau hauv qab ntawm cov dej kab, lub teeb lub tsev ntsuam xyuas ib leeg yog tsis txaus. Cov ntaub ntawv khoom lag luam yuav tsum txheeb xyuas cov khoom ntsuas, cable- txoj kev nkag, xeem tus qauv thiab ib tsab, qauv kev teeb tsa, qhov tob lossis siab, ntev, thiab kev txwv kev teeb tsa.
Splash-resistant thiab submersible tsis hloov pauv. Ib qho saum toj no - tank fixture tej zaum yuav xav tau kev tiv thaiv ntawm splashing thiab condensation tab sis tseem yuav tsum tau ntsia saum toj no dej raws li qhia. Cov khoom lag luam submersible tiag tiag yuav tsum tau tsim thiab ntsuas kev raus dej, suav nrog lub sijhawm ntev - sealing, cable strain, cov khoom siv sib xws, thiab cov phiaj xwm hluav taws xob. Epoxy filling lossis silicone sealing tuaj yeem yog ib feem ntawm cov dej noo- kev tiv thaiv tsim, tab sis tsuas yog muaj cov sealant tsis yog pov thawj ntawm kev ntsuas tus qauv.
Kev nyab xeeb hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv tshaj kev tiv thaiv ingress. US Consumer Product Safety Commission pom zoo rau hauv av- kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam hauv Circuit Court uas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nyob ze dej thiab ceeb toom tias kev sib xyaw hluav taws xob thiab dej tuaj yeem tsim kev poob siab thiab hluav taws kub. Cov lej hauv zos thiab cov ntawv pov thawj cov khoom sib txawv los ntawm kev ua lag luam, yog li cov neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum paub meej txog cov teeb pom kev zoo, lub zog- khoom siv, thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm kev teeb tsa. Kev ntsuas IP tsis hloov hluav taws xob- kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb.
Installation cwj pwm tseem ceeb. Khaws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov hlua hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv qhov chaw qhuav, qhov cua kom deb ntawm qhov yuav xau. Siv cov drip loops kom cov dej khiav raws lub cable tsis nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw txais khoom. Tsis txhob kov cov ntsaws lossis tswj nrog ob txhais tes ntub dej. Tshawb xyuas cov cables, strain nyem, ntsaws ruaj ruaj, mounting clips, thiab vaj tse rau kev puas tsuaj los yog ntsev nkag. Tshem tawm lub hwj chim ua ntej muab tes tso rau hauv lub thoob dej yug ntses los yog txav cov khoom siv submerged, ua raws li cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus qhia.
Kev siv dej ntsev yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav tau vim tias cov ntsev seem nyiam cov dej noo thiab ua kom muaj zog corrosion. Ib yam khoom muaj peev xwm tiv taus dej ingress thiab tseem raug kev txom nyem corrosion ntawm fasteners, connectors, los yog raug hlau. Nug rau cov khoom specifications thiab ntsev- tshuaj tsuag los yog corrosion pov thawj thaum muaj feem xyuam, tab sis tsis txhob confuse ib tug corrosion test nrog ib tug IP xeem. Kev siv hluav taws xob ua kom sov, tiv thaiv UV, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab rov ua cov kab txuas txuas ntxiv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lub sijhawm ntev - sealing.
Rau kev yuav khoom, xav tau ib daim ntawv qhia txog kev soj ntsuam los ntawm lub chaw soj ntsuam uas muaj peev xwm tsis yog lub logo luam rau hauv pob. Muab daim ntawv tshaj tawm tus qauv naj npawb thiab kev tsim kho rau cov qauv tsim khoom. Tshawb xyuas cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj tseem ceeb thaum muaj kev tswj xyuas kom zoo thiab ua kom tsim nyog cov dej xau lossis kev kuaj xyuas ua haujlwm yam tsis muaj kev txhim kho tsis zoo siab - qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob. Txhua qhov kev hloov pauv rau lub vaj tsev, gasket, cable, nplaum, lossis cov khoom sib txuas tuaj yeem ua kom pom tseeb rov- kev ntsuas.
Cov khoom lag luam ncaj ncees thov yog qhov tshwj xeeb: txaws- tiv taus rau saum toj no - dej kev teeb tsa, lossis kuaj rau cov xwm txheej immersion. Tsis txhob hais tias "100% waterproof" yam tsis muaj kev tsim nyog. Kev ntsuam xyuas tus IP meej, cov khoom siv dav dav, daim duab qhia kev teeb tsa, thiab hluav taws xob- kev qhia txog kev nyab xeeb tsim kev ntseeg siab ntau dua li cov lus tseeb uas zais cov xwm txheej.
Condensation feem ntau underestimated. Ib qho saum toj no -dej teeb tej zaum yuav tsis raug txaws ncaj qha los sis muaj huab cua sov, ntub dej txhua hnub. Dej tuaj yeem taug kev raws cov kab hluav taws xob, sib sau ntawm cov ntsiab lus qis, lossis nkag mus rau qhov txuas los ntawm kev ua haujlwm capillary. Mechanical stress los ntawm kev txav lub hau los yog lub teeb tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj tsis muaj zog. Cov lus qhia kev teeb tsa yuav tsum yog li ntawd hais txog kev taw qhia, cable routing, drip loops, connector txoj hauj lwm, qhov cua, thiab kev soj ntsuam-tsis yog hais txog tus IP code ntawm lub thawv.
Kev kho thiab hloov kho tuaj yeem ua rau kev tiv thaiv tsis raug. Hloov lub caj pas cable, qhib lub tsev kaw, drilling lub qhov txuas, siv cov nplaum tsis sib xws, lossis pinching lub gasket hloov lub thawv. Cov neeg siv yuav tsum tsis txhob muab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rov ua dua - cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua. Cov neeg tsim khoom xav tau thaj tsam kev pabcuam meej thiab cov txheej txheem hloov pauv. Yog hais tias lub submersible unit tsis yog teb -serviceable, hais meej. Yog tias nws tuaj yeem kho tau, txheeb xyuas cov khoom, lub zog, txoj kev sib khi, thiab tom qab- kho qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
Rau cov tswv lag luam, traceability yog qhov tseem ceeb. Khaws cov ntawv xeem, cov duab kos, daim nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov npe tseem ceeb -cov npe, thiab cov qauv pom zoo txuas rau txhua qhov kev kho dua tshiab. Tshawb xyuas cov gaskets, cables, vaj tse, thiab cov khoom siv potting tawm tsam qhov kev pom zoo. Dej-kev tiv thaiv tsis ua haujlwm feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv lossis kev sib dhos, tsis yog hauv thawj tus qauv golden. Cov txheej txheem tsim thiab kev hloov pauv yog li ntawd tseem ceeb npaum li kev xeem dhau ib qho kev sim.
Cov neeg siv khoom- ntsib cov lus qhia yuav tsum siv cov duab kos thiab cov lus qhia ncaj qha: khaws lub adapter kom qhuav, txoj hauj lwm txuas rau saum cov kab dej tshwj tsis yog tshwj xeeb ntsuas lwm yam, tsim lub voj voos, txiav lub hwj chim ua ntej kev pabcuam, thiab tsis txhob siv cov khoom puas. Txhais lus ceeb toom rau txhua lub lag luam lub hom phiaj thiab ua kom lawv zoo ib yam thoob plaws lub thawv, phau ntawv, npe, thiab app. Cov lus hais txog kev nyab xeeb yuav tsum tsis txhob muab zais tom qab kev tshaj tawm cov duab. Daim ntawv qhia meej installation tsis ua kom tsis muaj zog ntawm kev thov dej tsis zoo; nws txhais cov xwm txheej raws li cov khoom tsim thiab sim ua haujlwm. Cov neeg ua hauj lwm hauv khw muag khoom yuav tsum tau txais tib thaj tsam kom cov lus qhia tsis sib haum xeeb nrog cov ntawv pov thawj los yog txhawb kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem kev teeb tsa luv luv.
FACTUAL BASIS
[20] International Electrotechnical Commission. IEC 60529-Txoj kev tiv thaiv muab los ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/2452
[21] European Commission Joint Research Center. IP dej- qib tiv thaiv thiab kev txwv. https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC136588/JRC136588_01.pdf
[22] US Consumer Product Safety Commission. GFCI Fact Sheet. https://www.cpsc.gov/s3fs-public/099_0.pdf
[23] US Consumer Product Safety Commission. Daim ntawv txheeb xyuas hluav taws xob hauv tsev. https://www.cpsc.gov/s3fs-public/513.pdf
