Reef teeb pom kev sib tham feem ntau tshawb nrhiav tus lej PAR zoo meej lossis xiav xiav -channel daim ntawv qhia. Cov pov thawj kev tshawb fawb tsis txhawb cov qib ntawm qhov tseeb. Corals yog cov tsiaj sib txawv, thiab ntau tus tswv tsev photosynthetic symbionts uas nws qhov kev ua tau zoo nyob ntawm kev siv, spectrum, kub, khoom noj khoom haus, ntws, thiab yav dhau los lub teeb. Daim ntawv qhia PAR tuaj yeem yog qhov siv tau zoo, tab sis nws yuav tsum tsis txhob raug kho raws li kev sau tshuaj tsis muaj hom thiab cov ntsiab lus.
PPFD ntsuas photons hauv cov pa 400-700 nanometer PAR ntau. Nws pab kom muaj nuj nqis ntau npaum li cas photosynthetically nquag teeb mus txog qhov chaw, tab sis nws tsis qhia cov duab spectral. Ob qhov khoom siv tuaj yeem tsim tau tib yam PPFD nrog ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm violet, xiav, ntsuab, thiab lub teeb liab. Tsis yog PPFD piav qhia txog kev coj ntawm lub teeb, shadowing nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam, los yog lub coral lub acclimation xeev. Vim li ntawd, kev ntsuam xyuas reef tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm ob qho tib si hauv qab dej quantum sensor thiab, thaum ua tau, cov ntaub ntawv spectral.
Cov kev tshawb fawb tswj tau qhia tias yog vim li cas cov lus xaus yooj yim muaj kev pheej hmoo. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm Acropora cervicornis piv rau ntuj hnub ci nrog kev kho LED sib tw rau qhov siab tshaj plaws PAR. Calcification tau siab dua nyob rau hauv kev kho LED, tag nrho cov kab txuas ntxiv tsis txawv, thiab photosynthetic efficiency yog qhov kawg ntau dua nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntuj. Cov kws sau ntawv tau taw qhia txog qhov sib xws thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv raws li qhov ua tau piav qhia. Qhov tshwm sim tsis ua pov thawj tias LEDs yog universally superior; nws qhia tau hais tias cov ntsiab lus lom neeg sib txawv tuaj yeem teb sib txawv txawm tias qhov kev siv xov xwm sib txuam.
Lub teeb siab kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog lwm yam kev ntxhov siab. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov mos mos coral pom tau hais tias siab irradiance ua ke nrog simulated marine heatwave tej yam kev mob txo photosynthetic efficiency, thaum lub teeb siab yog txuam nrog pigment poob. Lwm txoj kev tshawb fawb tau sau tseg tias photoacclimation nyob rau hauv Euphyllia paradivisa hla ntev - lub sij hawm kho lub teeb. Cov kev tshawb pom no txhawb txoj cai ceev faj txog kev ua haujlwm: thaum kub, dej chemistry, lossis tsiaj noj qab haus huv tsis ruaj khov, qhov teeb pom kev zoo tsis yog qhov nruab nrab.
Acclimation yuav tsum txo qhov sib txawv ntawm lub coral lub yav dhau los ib puag ncig thiab tus tshiab. Pib cov qauv tshiab qis dua hauv lub tank, siv qhov kev siv txo qis, lossis txo lub sijhawm ncov, nyob ntawm qhov chaw tso thiab tsim kho. Ua kom tsuas yog ib qho kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb ntawm ib lub sijhawm thiab saib xyuas cov ntaub so ntswg nthuav dav, xim, noj cov lus teb, thiab cov tsos mob ntawm paling lossis kev poob qis. Lub hom phiaj tsis yog yuam kom pom kev hloov pauv sai. Nws yog tso cai rau lub coral thiab nws cov symbionts kho thaum tus so ntawm tus txiv nyob ruaj khov.
Spectrum yuav tsum tau tham meej meej. Xiav thiab violet-nplua nuj tej chaw muaj nyob rau hauv reef zaub thiab muaj peev xwm txhawb nqa photosynthesis thiab fluorescence, tab sis lub caij nyoog ncov, channel hwj chim, thiab lens cwj pwm tseem ceeb. Liab- cov zis hnyav tau ua rau cov lus teb tsis zoo nyob rau hauv tsawg kawg yog qee qhov kev sim coral, tseem tsis tau lees paub tias txhua lub photon liab muaj teeb meem. Hom, koob tshuaj, sijhawm, thiab lwm yam ntawm cov spectrum txhua yam teeb meem. Kev lag luam yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov lus hais txog ib qho xim.
Lub reef- phiaj xwm teeb pom kev zoo yuav tsum suav nrog daim ntawv qhia hauv qab dej ntawm qhov chaw npaj, ntsuas ntawm ntau thaj chaw coral es tsis yog cov xuab zeb txaj xwb. Sau qhov siab mounting, dej tob, channel feem pua, teem caij, thiab sensor. Re-daim ntawv qhia tom qab loj aquascape hloov pauv lossis kev loj hlob colony. Kho online PAR cov lus pom zoo raws li thaj tsam los tshawb xyuas, thiab nrhiav hom-kev paub txog kev ua liaj ua teb tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam, lossis cov chaw muag khoom uas tuaj yeem piav qhia txog cov xwm txheej yav dhau los.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws reef- teeb pom kev zoo tsis yog "tuaj tus lej no thiab ua tiav." Nws yog " ntsuas, acclimate, saib, thiab kho." Cov khoom siv zoo ua rau cov txheej txheem ntawd yooj yim dua los ntawm cov khoom tso tawm ruaj khov, du dimming, rov ua dua sijhawm, tsim nyog optics, tswj thermal, thiab cov ntaub ntawv pob tshab. Tus aquarist tseem yuav tsum txuas lub teeb nrog kub, ntws, khoom noj khoom haus, dej chemistry, thiab keeb kwm ntawm txhua coral.
Kev tso chaw coral yuav tsum rov mus xyuas dua li cov cheeb tsam loj hlob. Ib qho frag uas sib npaug los ntawm saum toj no tuaj yeem txhim kho tus kheej - cov ceg ntoo ntxoov ntxoo thiab qhov chaw sib txawv. Cov corals nyob sib ze tuaj yeem sib tw rau qhov chaw lossis hloov lub teeb. Cov duab ib ntus los ntawm tib lub kaum sab xis thiab raug pab kom paub qhov sib txawv ntawm kev loj hlob zuj zus, kev hloov pauv pigmentation, thiab cov ntaub so ntswg poob. Ua ke cov duab nrog cov ntawv sau rau ntawm lub teeb teeb, qhov kub thiab txias, alkalinity stability, pub mis, thiab tu. Lub hom phiaj tsis yog los tsim kom muaj kev kuaj xyuas qhov tseeb, tab sis kom tsis txhob thuam lub teeb rau txhua qhov kev hloov pauv yam tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus.
Fluorescence yog lwm qhov chaw uas qhov tsos thiab kev noj qab haus huv tau yooj yim tsis meej pem. Violet lossis xiav illumination tuaj yeem ua rau cov xim fluorescent ci ntsa iab, ua rau cov duab ntxim nyiam. Cov lus teb qhov muag pom tsis yog los ntawm nws tus kheej ntsuas kev ua haujlwm photosynthetic, kev loj hlob, lossis kev ntxhov siab. Dawb- kev soj ntsuam lub teeb tseem muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev ntsuas cov ntaub so ntswg thiab cov xim ntuj. Cov khw muag khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob siv cov fluorescence-tsuas yog cov duab los qhia txog qhov pom tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thaum nruab hnub, thiab cov kws yees duab yuav tsum tshaj tawm cov teeb pom kev zoo lossis kho kom raug thaum cov duab siv los ua pov thawj cov khoom lag luam.
Thaum hloov coral ntawm cov tshuab, nug txog cov khoom siv yav dhau los, qhov siab mounting, lub sij hawm, kwv yees siv, thiab qhov chaw. Txawm tias keeb kwm tsis zoo tag nrho kuj zoo dua tsis muaj. Yog tias qhov chaw muab kev nyeem ntawv PAR, paub meej tias lub sensor thiab qhov chaw nyob. Siv qhov kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua thaum cov ntaub ntawv ploj lawm. Ib hom acclimation yog qhov tseem ceeb tsuas yog tias nws pib theem, lub sijhawm, thiab kev nce qib pom rau tus neeg siv. Pob tshab tswj txhawb kom ceev faj hloov kho; mysterious tsis siv neeg cov kev pab cuam ua rau thiab cuam tshuam nyuaj to taub.
Lub luag hauj lwm cov ntsiab lus reef kuj lees paub thaum xav tau kev pab tshwj xeeb. Cov ntaub so ntswg poob sai sai, bleaching thoob plaws, hluav taws xob tsis zoo, lossis kev tuag tsis tau piav qhia yuav tsum tsis txhob raug tswj xyuas los ntawm kev sim teeb pom kev zoo ib leeg. Ua kom ib puag ncig ruaj khov, txheeb xyuas cov cuab yeej siv, thiab sab laj nrog tus kws paub txog kev paub txog reef lossis tus kws kho tsiaj hauv dej raws li qhov tsim nyog. Cov khoom txhawb nqa tuaj yeem pab kom paub meej qhov chaw thiab cov khoom tsim tawm, tab sis nws yuav tsum tsis txhob kuaj kab mob lossis cog lus tias yuav rov qab los. Qhov ciam teb no tiv thaiv cov tsiaj nyeg thiab ua rau lub npe muaj kev ntseeg siab dua: kev txhawb nqa kev hais txog lub teeb, thaum kev kuaj mob lom neeg suav nrog tag nrho cov tsiaj thiab cov kab ke.
FACTUAL BASIS
[1] Apogee Instruments. Aquarium PAR / Quantum Meters: PAR ntau, PPFD units, thiab ntsuas dej hauv qab dej hiav txwv. https://www.apogeeinstruments.com/aquarium-par-meters/
[9] Wijgerde li al.. Lub teeb liab represses photophysiology ntawm Stylophora pistillata. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3962463/
[10] Pub Med. Ua ke cov nyhuv ntawm marine heatwaves thiab lub teeb siv ntawm tawv coral. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36435249/
[14] Wageningen University & Kev Tshawb Fawb. Lub teeb siv, photoperiod, lub teeb flux txhua hnub, thiab coral loj hlob. https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/light-intensity-photoperiod-duration-daily-light-flux-thiab-coral-g/
[18] Pub Med. Photoacclimation thiab lub teeb- txhim kho calcification hauv Euphyllia paradivisa. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30891251/
